Renaissance Imitations

Ariosto, Ludovico. Orlando furioso. 1516. Rev. 1521. Rev. 1532. Tr. Sir John Harington, 1591, with notes on the moral, historical, allegorical, and allusive content affixed to the end of every canto. Ed. Robert McNulty. Ludovico Ariosto's Orland Furioso: Translated into English Heroical Verse by Sir John Harington. Oxford: Clarendon, 1972.

Barclay, Alexander. Eclogues. ?1515, 1521. The Eclogues of Alexander Barclay from the Original Edition by John Cawood. Ed. Beatrice White. Early English Text Society 175. Oxford: OUP, 1928. (Includes Latin sources and parallel passages.)

Boccaccio, Giovanni. Teseida of the Nuptials of Emilia. 1339-41. (Same # of books and lines as Aeneid.)

Butler, Samuel. Hudibras. 1663-78.

Chesneau, Nicolaus (d. 1581). Elegiaca paraphrasis Nicolai Querculi…ad quartum librum Aeneidos Virgilij. Paris: Michael Vascosanus, 1557. Forty-page parody. (Newberry Case Y672.V.9315)

Cinthio, Giovambattista Giraldi. Didone. 1541. Text in Le tragedie di M. Giov. Bat. Giraldi Cinthio (Venezia: Cagnacini, 1583). For description, see Lucas, "Didon: trois réécritures," 578-93 in criticism section.

Cowley, Abraham. Davideis. 1656.

Camões, Luis de. Os Lusiadas. 1572.

D'Aubigné, Agrippa. Les Tragiques. 1616.

Davenant, Sir William. Gondibert. 1651. Includes preface on the heroic poem.

Decembrio, Pier Candido. [The Beginning of the Thirteenth Book of the Aeneid.] 1419. See http://www.virgil.org/supplementa for translation and bibliography.

Denham, Sir John. Cooper's Hill. 1668.

Dolce, Lodovico. Didone: Tragedia di M. Lodovico Dolce. Venice: Manutius, 1547. For description, see Lucas, "Didon: trois réécritures," 593-604 in criticism section.

Drayton, Michael. Idea, The Shepheards Garland: Fashioned in Nine Eglogs. 1593.

Drayton, Michael. Poly-Olbion. 1612. Enlarged in 1619, as A Chorographical Description of Great Britain (pub. 1622).

Dryden, John, and Nahum Tate. Absalom and Achitophel. 1681-82.

Ellis, John (1698-1790). The canto added by Maphaeus to Virgil's twelve books of Aeneas, from the original bombastic, done into English Hudibrastic, with notes beneath, and Latin text in ev'ry other page annext. London, 1758. Parody of Vegio's Supplementum. (Newberry Y194.944)

Ercilla y Zuniga, Alonso de. La Araucana. 1569 (part 1). 1578 (part 2). 1589 (part 3).

Filelfo, Francesco. Sforziad. 1453-73. See Diana Robin, Filelfo in Milan: Writings 1451-1477 (Princeton: Princeton UP, 1991).

Guarini, Battista. Il pastor fido. 1590. (Eclogues.)

Jodelle, Étienne. Didon se sacrifiant. 1553-1560. Text in vol. 1 of Les oeuvres et meslanges poetiques d'Estienne Iodelle, sieur du Lymodin, ed. Marty-Laveau, 2 vols., La Pléiade françoise (Paris: Lemerre, 1868-1870). D. C. Allen writes, "To turn from Jodelle to Marlowe is like going from a sanatorium to a masked ball" ("Marlowe's Dido and the Tradition," 64).

Knaust, Heinrich. Dido. 1566. (School-drama.)

Lalli, G. Aeneida travestita. 1633.

Mantuan (Baptista Spagnuoli). Adolescentia seu bucolica. Mantua, 1498. Tr. George Turberville. Eglogs. 1567.

Marot, Clément. (Eclogues.)

Marlowe, Christopher, and Thomas Nashe (?). The Tragedie of Dido, Queene of Carthage. Composed c. 1580. Published 1594.

Marvell, Andrew. "Damon the Mower." 1681. (Cf. Ecl. 2.)

Marvell, Andrew. "Nymph Complaining for the Death of her Faun." 1681. (Cf. Aen. 7.475-509.)

Milton, John. Paradise Lost. 1667 (in 10 books), 1674 (in 12).

Nitchie, Elizabeth. Vergil and the English poets. New York: Columbia UP, 1919. [Appendix includes a list of translations, imitations, parodies, and burlesques.]

Pazzi de' Medici, Alessandro. Dido in Cartagine. Composed 1524, unpublished until 1887, by Angelo Solerti (ed.), Le tragedie metriche di Alessandro Pazzi de' Medici, Scelta di curiosità letterarie inedite o rare dal secolo xiii al xvii 224 (Bologna: Presso Romagnoli dall'Acqua, 1887; rpt. Bologna: Commissione per i testi di lingua, 1969). For description and commentary, see Lucas, "Didon: trois réécritures," 560-78 in criticism section.

Petrarca, Francesco. Africa. Commenced 1338. Unfinished. Tr. Thomas G. Bergin and Alice S. Wilson. Petrarch's Africa. New Haven and London: Yale UP, 1977.

Petrarca, Francesco. Bucolicum carmen. 1357. Tr. Thomas G. Bergin. Petrarch's Bucolicum Carmen. New Haven: Yale, 1974.

Poliziano, Angelo. Orfeo. c. 1480 (Georgics). Tr. Louis E. Lord. A Translation of the Orpheus of Angelo Politian and the Aminta of Torquato Tasso. Oxford: OUP, 1931.

Pope, Alexander. The Dunciad: An Heroic Poem. 1728 (books 1-3). The Dunciad Variorum. 1729 (annotated edition). The New Dunciad. 1742 (book 4). The Dunciad. 1743 (books 1-4).

Pope, Alexander. "Messiah, A Sacred Eclogue, in Imitation of Virgil's Pollio." 1712. (A cento of prophecies from Virgil and Isaiah. Samuel Johnson later published a translation in Latin hexameters [1728].)

Pope, Alexander. Pastorals. 1709. (He was sixteen at the time.)

Pope, Alexander. The Rape of the Lock. 1712. Enlarged 1714.

Pope, Alexander. Windsor-Forest. 1713.

Ronsard, Pierre de. Franciade. 1572. 1587.

Sachs, Hans. Die Konigin Dido. 1557.

Sackville, Thomas. Induction. A Myrroure for Magistrates. 1563 (second and enlarged ed.). (Bush, Mythology 60-63 points out specific instances of Virgilian imitation: shield of Aeneas, fall of Troy, underworld journey).

Sannazaro, Jacopo. Arcadia. 1504. (Cf. Ecl. 10, "Gallus.")

Sannazaro, Jacopo. De partu virginis. (Cf. Ecl. 4, "Pollio.")

Sannazaro, Jacopo. Piscatory Eclogues.

Scarron, P. Le Virgile travesti. 1648-53.

Spenser, Edmund. The Faerie Queene. 1590, 1596, [1609].

Spenser, Edmund. The Shepheardes Calender, Containing Twelve Aeglogues. 1579.

Spenser, Edmund. "Virgils Gnat." 1591. [Psuedo-Virgil's "Culex" in ottava rima; prob. composed c. 1580.]

Surringar, Willem Hendrik Dominicus, ed. Dido: Tragoedia ex segmentis priorum librorum Aeneidos composita ab auctore incerto cuius autographum possidet Bibliotheca Leidensis. Leiden: Van der Hoek, 1880.

Tasso, Torquato. Aminta. 1573. Tr. Louis E. Lord. A Translation of the Orpheus of Angelo Politian and the Aminta of Torquato Tasso. Oxford: OUP, 1931.

Tasso, Torquato. Gierusalemme liberata. 1582.

Van Foreest, Jan. c. 1650. [See Kern, Hans Kern, Supplemente zur Aneis aus dem 15. und 17. Jahrhundert (Nuremberg: J. L. Stich, 1896) ( pamphlet: Regenstein PA6826.C7 v. 2) 19-30.]

Villanova, S. c. 1697. [See Kern, Hans Kern, Supplemente zur Aneis aus dem 15. und 17. Jahrhundert (Nuremberg: J. L. Stich, 1896) ( pamphlet: Regenstein PA6826.C7 v. 2) 30-35.]

Vegio, Maffeo. Added a thirteenth book (usually called the Supplementum) to the Aeneid. Ed. Bernd Schneider. Das Aeneissupplement des Maffeo Vegio: Eingeleitet, nach den Handschriften herausgegeben, übersetzt und mit einem Index versehen. Acta Humaniora. Weinheim: VCH Verlagsgesellschaft, 1985. Also edited by Anna Cox Brinton as Maphaeus Vegius and his Thirteenth Book of the Aeneid: A Chapter on Virgil in the Renaissance. Stanford: Stanford UP, 1930. Rpt. New York: Garland, 1978. Brinton includes an English translation by Thomas Twyne, M.D., 1584 and a Scottish translation by Gavin Douglas. The Supplement was also "translated" into Hudibrastic verse by John Ellis in 1758.

Vida, Marco Girolamo. Christiad. 1535. Ed. and trans. Gertrude C. Drake and Clarence A. Forbes. Marco Girolamo Vida's The Christiad: A Latin-English Edition. Carbondale: Souther Illinois UP; London: Feffer & Simons, 1978.

Warner, William. Albion's England. 1586. First appeared in four books, to the second of which was appended the "true historie" of Aeneas (following Caxton). The work was eventually expanded to twelve books. (See Bush, Mythology 65-67 and [?TITLE] MLN 44 [?YEAR]: 40-41.)